Platform-wide principles. Each journal publishes its own detailed policies on its website; journal policies take precedence for that journal.
Editorial independence
Subscription and fee rules determine which services are available and which invoices are due. Editors and reviewers alone determine the scholarly outcome, under each journal's stated policies. Payment never changes editorial status.
Peer review
Journals declare a single-blind, double-blind or open review model. Reviewer identities and confidential comments are disclosed only as that model permits. Submitted review reports are retained and cannot be silently replaced.
Authorship, conflicts of interest and ethics
Authors confirm originality, authorship, ethics approvals and competing interests at submission. Reviewers and editors must declare conflicts and may not handle manuscripts on which they are authors.
Fees and waivers
All charges and waiver policies are disclosed before submission. Any fee may be zero. Waiver requests are decided by the journal and recorded.
Corrections, expressions of concern and retractions
Published articles keep stable URLs. Corrections, expressions of concern and retractions are published as linked notices on the article page.
Comments
Public comments are moderated and are never part of the formal peer-review record.
Indexing
Metadata export does not imply indexing. A journal is described as indexed only when the indexing service has accepted it.
Privacy
Usage statistics use privacy-minimised visitor identifiers. Known crawlers are excluded from public usage reports.